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(Study Material) Geography - World & Indian (Drainage & Rivers)

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Submitted by IASguru on Fri, 2008-04-25 13:38.

Geography - World & Indian (Drainage & Rivers):

 

Drainage

Over 90% of the India’s land surface drains into the Bay of Bengal and the rest drains into the Arabian Sea except a very small area in Rajasthan has inland drainage. On the basis of the origin of the rivers, Indian river systems can be classified as Himalayan System and the Peninsular system. The Himalayan Rivers are characterised by its Youthful and perennial nature, suited for the generation of hydro electricity and irrigation purposed. On the other hand, peninsular rivers acquired maturity and depend mainly on monsoon for water so it becomes dry in the summer.

 

  River   Origin Drainage sq km Length   Remarks
Indus Tibet, near Manasarovar. 3,21,290 709 in India Jhelum,Cenab, Ravi, Beas & satlej are well known tributaries
Jhelum Verinag at the Pir Panja 28,490 It flows through Kashmir valley and Wular lake
Chenab Himachal mountains near Kulu 26,755 1180 km It is the largest of Indus tributaries Chandra and Bhaga are 2 head streams.
Ravi Rohtang pass 5,937 725 km
Beas Beas Kund near Rohtang 25,900 470 km It joins satluj near Harike
Satluj Rakas lake 24,087 1050 km Bakra dam and Gobind sagar lake on it.
Ganga Gangotri 8,61,404 2525 km Main head streams Bhagiradhi and Alakananda meet at Allahabad It is known as padma in Bangladesh
Yamuna Yamnotri 3,59,000 1376 km It meets Ganga at Allahabad. Delhi, Mathura and Agra are situated on its banks. Chambal, betwa & ken are important tributaries
Damodar Chotanagpur Plateau 22,000 541 km Formerly known as Sorrow of Bengal.
Brahmaputra 100 km South east of Manasarovar 2,40,000 2900 km Before entering in India it is known as Tsang-po. It crosses Assam Himalayas as Dihang. Frequent floods occur.
Mahanadi Sihawa range 857 km The largest dam Hirkud is built across this river
Godavari Nasik 312812 1465 km It is the 2nd largest River system in India & Known as Dhakshina Ganga
Krishna Mahabaleswar 258,948 1400 km 2nd largest east flowing river. Important tributaries Bhima, Tungabadra, Koyana , Khataprabha
Cauvery Brahmagir range 87900 800 km Cauvery basin is the most developed in terms of power and irrigation.
Narmada Amarkantak,MP 98,796 1300 km It is the longest west flowing river
Tapti Betul, MP 65145 724 km It is the 2nd largest west flowing river

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