(Study Material) Geography - World & Indian (Ocean currents) Page-2

Major
Ocean currents
| Current | Ocean | Type |
| Agulhas Current | Indian | Warm |
| Alaska Current | North Pacific | Warm |
| Benguela Current | South Atlantic | Cool |
| Brazil Current | South Atlantic | Warm |
| California Current | North Pacific | Cool |
| Canaries Current | North Atlantic | Cool |
| East Australian Current | South Pacific | Warm |
| Equitorial Current | Pacific | Warm |
| Gulf Stream | North Altantic | Warm |
| Humboldt (Peru) Current | South Pacific | Cool |
| Kuroshio (Japan) Current | North Pacific | Warm |
| Labrador Current | North Atlantic | Cool |
| North Atlantic Drift | North Atlantic | Warm |
| North Pacific Drift | North Pacific | Warm |
| Oyashio (Kamchatka) Current | North Pacific | Cool |
| West Australian Current | Indian | Cool |
| West Wind Drift | South Pacific | Cool |
El
Niño and La Niña
Peruvian fisherman in the late
1800s named the seasonal swing of ocean water "El Niño" (Spanish for
the "Christ Child") as it usually occurred around Christmas. A
periodic weakening of the trade winds in the central and western Pacific allows
warm water to invade the eastern Pacific. Along the Peruvian coast, the
encroaching warm water displaces the nutrient-rich north-flowing cold ocean
current causing a decline in fisheries. Today, the phenomenon is known as the
" El Niño/Southern Oscillation" and we are coming to understand how
this change in the seasonal wind and ocean circulation impacts global weather
patterns (See December - February conditions; June - August conditions). Cooler
than normal ocean temperature in this region is called "La Niña". It
too has significant impacts on worldwide weather.
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